Discuss in pairs and answer these questions.
What technological advancement do you think these pictures represent?
Answer: These pictures represent the technological advancement of internet devices and services and the electric bulb.
How will these inventions and innovations shape our future? Give specific examples.
Answer: These inventions and innovations make our life easy and comfortable.
Reading I Humanoid Robot Sophia
A. Answer the following questions.
What do you think Artificial Intelligence (AI) is?
Answer: I think artificial intelligence is the intelligence created by man-made objects.
Can a robot have real intelligence like a human being does?
Answer: No, robots cannot have artificial intelligence like human being does. But intelligence may not be for a long time and for different situations.
A. Match the following words with their meanings.
humanoid i. a famous person
awe ii. to clap in approval
revolution iii. feelings of respect and slight fear
celebrity iv. the first design of a device or machine
enthusiast v. an act of controlling somebody or something
applaud vi. a person who is very interested in a particular activity or
subject
takeover vii. a great change in conditions, beliefs, etc.
prototype viii. a machine or creature that looks and behaves like a human
Answer:
humanoid viii. a machine or creature that looks and behaves like a human
awe iii. feelings of respect and slight fear
revolution vii. a great change in conditions, beliefs, etc.
celebrity i. a famous person
enthusiast vi. a person who is very interested in a particular activity or
subject
applaud ii. to clap in approval
takeover v. an act of controlling somebody or something
prototype iv. the first design of a device or machine
B. Fill in the blanks with the suitable words/phrases from the text above.
Sophia ……….the audience in Kathmandu with a ‘Namaste’.
She presented her ………speech about the importance of technology.
The Innovation Conference and Fair was organised by ………….
Sophia was built ……………years ago.
According to Sophia, technology can ………….state institutions.
Using artificial intelligence could bring ………in the agriculture sector.
According to the robot, the news of ……taking over humans was fake.
In the opinion of Valerie Julliand, technology is giving us………to various problems.
Answer:
Sophia greeted the audience in Kathmandu with a ‘Namaste’.
She presented her keynote speech about the importance of technology.
The Innovation Conference and Fair was organised by UNDP.
Sophia was built two and a half years ago.
According to Sophia, technology can transform state institutions.
Using artificial intelligence could bring revolution in the agriculture sector.
According to the robot, the news of fearing taking over humans was fake.
In the opinion of Valerie Julliand, technology is giving us solution to various problems.
C. Answer the following questions.
a. Who is Sophia?
b. What was the main highlight of the conference?
c. How can artificial intelligence be useful in Nepal, according to Sophia?
d. Who was the audience comprised of?
e. How long did Sophia speak for?
f. Why are innovative project models being developed in Nepal, according to UNDP?
Answer:
Sophia is a social humanoid robot and the first robot citizen.
The main highlight of the conference was the importance of technology in the development of human lives.
According to Sophia, Artificial intelligence can be useful in Nepal by ensuring better public services, a revolution in the agriculture sector, making better use of limited resources, protecting the environment and making the world better place.
The audience was comprised of government officials, private sector representatives, civil servants and tech enthusiasts.
Sophia spoke for three minutes.
According to UNDP, the innovative project models are being developed in Nepal to address gender empowerment, combat gender-based violence, and disaster risk reduction, with a focus on green energy, youth engagement and post disaster recovery.
D. How do you think AI technology can help to end poverty and fight starvation in Nepal?
Grammar - I
Read the following 'thank you' letter and underline the relative clauses.
Phungling, Taplejung
6 June 2021
Dear Sujita,
Thank you very much for the wonderful birthday gift. The vase you have gifted me is exactly what I wanted. It reminds me of the vase which my little sister broke last week. It has exactly the same patterns. In fact, this is the best china that I have ever seen. My mother, who loves flowers, arranged roses in the vase. Can you guess where I have kept it? Just outside my bedroom. Thank you once again for the lovely gift.
Love,
Punam
Answer
Phungling, Taplejung
6 June 2021
Dear Sujita,
Thank you very much for the wonderful birthday gift. The vase you have gifted me is exactly what I wanted. It reminds me of the vase which my little sister broke last week. It has exactly the same patterns. In fact, this is the best china that I have ever seen. My mother, who loves flowers, arranged roses in the vase. Can you guess where I have kept it? Just outside my bedroom. Thank you once again for the lovely gift.
Love,
Punam
Complete the following sentences with relative clauses.
Manju works for a company …………….
The story is about a girl………
What was the name of the dog………….. ?
The police have caught the criminals……..
Gram Bell was the man …………
What happened to the painting……….. ?
An encyclopedia is a book……….
I hate people……….
The Earth seems to be the only planet……
A detective is a person …………
Can you tell me the name of the book ……………… ?
Answer:
Manju works for a company which produces plastic items.
The story is about a girl who is over ambitious.
What was the name of the dog which you bought in Manang ?
The police have caught the criminals who robbed the bank of Parsa.
Gram Bell was the man who discovered telephone.
What happened to the painting which was painted by Leonardo ?
An encyclopedia is a book which gives information about everything.
I hate people who believes on dowry system.
The Earth seems to be the only planet where living creatures are found.
A detective is a person who investigates the crime.
Can you tell me the name of the book you read yesterday afternoon?
Reading II
A. Match the words in column A with the meanings in column B.
Column A Column B
fleet ⇒ a group of something
inflatable ⇒ capable of being filled with air
harness ⇒ to control and use the force or strength of something
vane ⇒ a flat plane that is moved by wind
skyscraper ⇒ a very tall building
fission⇒ the act or process of splitting the nucleus of an atom
bountiful ⇒ in large quantities
B. Find the antonyms of the following words from the text.
endless modern covered fragrant bound inadequate
Answer:
endless- finite modern- traditional
covered-revealed fragrant- odourless
bound- autonomous inadequate-bountiful
C. Match the idea numbers in column A to the correct idea in columnB.
Idea I iv. solar energy
Idea II v. energy through body movement
Idea III i. wave energy
Idea IV ii. hydrogen energy
Idea V vi. altaeros energy
Idea VI iii. energy through the fusion process
D. Answer the following questions.
How did JAXA prove the viability for the idea of space-based solar energy?
What do we need to generate energy through our body movement?
In what way are Idea III and V similar?
How can hydrogen be used as the source of energy?
Why do floating turbines seem more effective than tower-mounted turbines?
Why is the fusion process environmentally friendly?
What does ITER stand for?
Answer:
JAXA proved the viability for the idea of space-based solar energy by successfully converting 1.8 kilowatts of electricity into microwaves after which they wirelessly beamed them a distance of 50 metres.
We need a knee brace to generate energy through our body movement.
Both Idea III and Idea V produce energy due to wind therefore they are similar.
Hydrogen can be used as a source of energy by separating from other elements like oxygen, carbon and nitrogen which the gas yields high energy.
Floating turbines seem more effective than tower-mounted turbines because these turbines produce double the energy of tower-mounted turbines.
The fusion process is environmentally friendly because it emits no pollutants or greenhouse gases and has no threat of nuclear meltdown, unlike current nuclear fission reactors.
ITER stands for International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor.
E. Can you think of any other alternative energy sources? Talk about your ideas with your friends.
Grammar II
Fill in the gaps with suitable relative pronouns.
Is that the spot ………………… you had the accident?
The photograph ………………… you saw was taken a long time ago.
Are those the students ………………… you were talking about?
Last week, I went to visit the town ………………… my friend lives.
This is the house ………………… my uncle and aunt live.
These are the girls ………………… work hard.
Krishna was the boy ………………… everyone appreciated.
This is the judge ………………… is known for her wise decisions.
This is the site ………….. I intend to build a house.
The tiger ………… terrified the villagers was sent to the zoo yesterday.
The tree …………… he cut down was not a large one.
Mt. Everest ………………… is the highest peak in the world, lies in Solukhumbu district.
Answer:
Is that the spot where you had the accident?
The photograph which you saw was taken a long time ago.
Are those the students whom you were talking about?
Last week, I went to visit the town where my friend lives.
This is the house where my uncle and aunt live.
These are the girls who work hard.
Krishna was the boy whom everyone appreciated.
This is the judge who is known for her wise decisions.
This is the site where I intend to build a house.
The tiger which terrified the villagers was sent to the zoo yesterday.
The tree which he cut down was not a large one.
Mt. Everest which is the highest peak in the world, lies in Solukhumbu district.
Rewrite the following pairs of sentences using who, whom, whose, which/that, or where.
Are these the keys? You were looking for the keys.
Unfortunately, we couldn't attend the wedding. We were invited to the wedding.
What is the name of the hotel? Your brother works in the hotel.
The party wasn't enjoyable. We attended the party last Saturday.
What is the name of the boy? The boy's father is a dentist.
Who was the man? You talked to the man in the restaurant.
What is the name of the shop? They sell medicine in the shop.
Is this the man? The man donated all his property to a hospital.
Answer:
Are these the keys which you were looking for?
Unfortunately, we couldn't attend the wedding which we were invited.
What is the name of the hotel where your brother works?
The party wasn't enjoyable which we attended last Saturday.
What is the name of the boy whose father is a dentist.
Who was the man whom You talked to in the restaurant.
What is the name of the shop where they sell medicine?
Is this the man who donated all his property to a hospital.
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